Mozilla is a term used in a number of ways in relation to the now-defunct Netscape Communications Corporation Netscape Communications is a US computer services company, best known for its web browser. When it was an independent company, its headquarters were in Mountain View, California and its related application software Application software, also known as applications or apps, is computer software designed to help the user to perform singular or multiple related specific tasks. Examples include Enterprise software, Accounting software, Office suites, Graphics software and media players, including the Mozilla.org The Mozilla Foundation is a non-profit organization that exists to support and provide leadership for the open source Mozilla project. The organization sets the policies that govern development, operates key infrastructure and controls trademarks and other intellectual property. It owns two taxable for-profit subsidiaries: the Mozilla Corporation, group and its successor the Mozilla Foundation The Mozilla Foundation is a non-profit organization that exists to support and provide leadership for the open source Mozilla project. The organization sets the policies that govern development, operate key infrastructure and control trademarks and other intellectual property. It owns two taxable for-profit subsidiaries: the Mozilla Corporation,.

The term Mozilla is originally used for three distinct entities:

• the codename for the Netscape Navigator Netscape Navigator and Netscape are the names for the proprietary web browser popular in the 1990s, the flagship product of the Netscape Communications Corporation and the dominant web browser in terms of usage share, although by 2002 its usage had almost disappeared. This was partly due to the increased usage of Microsoft's Internet Explorer web software project
• the official, public, original name of the Mozilla Application Suite The Mozilla Application Suite is a cross-platform integrated Internet suite. Its development was initiated by Netscape Communications Corporation, before their acquisition by AOL. It is based on the source code of Netscape Communicator. The development was spearheaded by the Mozilla Organization from 1998 to 2003, and by the Mozilla Foundation, currently known as SeaMonkey SeaMonkey is a free and open source cross-platform Internet suite. It is the continuation of the former Mozilla Application Suite, based on the same source code. Core Mozilla project source code is licensed under a disjunctive tri-license that gives the choice of one of the three following sets of licensing terms: Mozilla Public License, version 1
• the mascot of Netscape

These and various other related uses of the term Mozilla are discussed below in the order when they were first used.

Codename of Netscape Navigator

Historically, Mozilla had been used internally as a codename for the Netscape Navigator Netscape Navigator and Netscape are the names for the proprietary web browser popular in the 1990s, the flagship product of the Netscape Communications Corporation and the dominant web browser in terms of usage share, although by 2002 its usage had almost disappeared. This was partly due to the increased usage of Microsoft's Internet Explorer web web browser A web browser is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web. An information resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier and may be a web page, image, video, or other piece of content. Hyperlinks present in resources enable users to easily navigate their browsers to from its beginning. Jamie Zawinski Jamie W. Zawinski , commonly known as jwz, is a former professional American computer programmer responsible for significant contributions to the free software projects Mozilla and XEmacs, and early versions of the Netscape Navigator web browser. He maintains the XScreenSaver project which provides screenblanking for Unix-like computer operating came up with the name during a meeting while working at the company.^[1] The name was created as a contraction of the words "Mosaic Mosaic is the web browser credited with popularizing the World Wide Web. It was also a client for earlier protocols such as FTP, Usenet, and Gopher. Its clean, easily understood user interface, reliability, Windows port and simple installation all contributed to making it the application that opened up the Web to the general public. Mosaic was killer", hinting that Netscape would be the end to the (then only) competitor browser, Mosaic. The logo was a reference to the name of the fictional monster Godzilla Godzilla is a fictional Japanese dinosaur, first appearing in Ishiro Honda's 1954 film Gojira. Since then, Godzilla has gone on to become a worldwide pop culture icon starring in 28 films produced by Toho Co., Ltd. The monster (daikaijū) has appeared in numerous other media incarnations including video games, novels, comic books, television.

Mascot of Netscape

Mozilla was the mascot The term mascot – defined as a term for any person, animal, or object thought to bring luck – colloquially includes anything used to represent a group with a common public identity, such as a school, professional sports team, society, military unit, or brand name. Mascots are also used as fictional spokespeople for consumer products, such as of the now-disbanded Netscape Communications Corporation, formerly called Mosaic Communications Corporation Netscape Communications was a US computer services company, best known for its web browser. The browser was once dominant in terms of usage share, but lost most of that share to Internet Explorer during the first browser war. By the end of 2006, the usage share of Netscape browsers had fallen, from over 90% in the mid 1990s, to less than 1%. Initially, the mascot took various forms, including that of a helmeted astronaut An astronaut or cosmonaut is a person trained by a human spaceflight program to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member of a spacecraft. While generally reserved for professional space travelers, the term is sometimes applied to anyone who travels into space, including scientists, politicians, journalists, and tourists or "spaceman", but the eventual choice was a Godzilla-like lizard thought to go well with the Godzilla-like name. It was designed by Dave Titus in 1994.

Mozilla was featured prominently on Netscape's website A website is a collection of related web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that are addressed relative to a common Uniform Resource Locator (URL), often consisting of only the domain name, or the IP address, and the root path ('/') in an Internet Protocol-based network. A web site is hosted on at least one web server, accessible via a in the company's early years. However, the need to project a more "professional" image (especially towards corporate clients) led to it being removed. Mozilla continued to be used inside Netscape, though, often featured on T-shirts A T-shirt is a shirt which is pulled on over the head to cover most of a person's torso. A T-shirt is usually buttonless and collarless, with a round neck and short sleeves. However, many people incorrectly use the term T-shirt to describe any short sleeved shirt or blouse; a polo shirt or other collared shirt is not a T-shirt. The sleeves of the given to staff or on artwork adorning the walls of the Netscape campus in Mountain View Mountain View is a city in Santa Clara County, in the San Francisco Bay Area. It is named for its views of the Santa Cruz Mountains. The city shares its borders with the cities of Palo Alto, Los Altos, and Sunnyvale, as well as Moffett Federal Airfield and the San Francisco Bay. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 70,708. The color of the Mozilla lizard changed from its' original green to a red version of the monster after the source code of the Netscape browser was released.^[2]

When Netscape acquired the website directory NewHoo in 1998, they re-branded it the Open Directory Project The Open Directory Project , also known as Dmoz (from directory.mozilla.org, its original domain name), is a multilingual open content directory of World Wide Web links. It is owned by Netscape, but it is constructed and maintained by a community of volunteer editors with the nickname "dmoz" (Directory of Mozilla) due to its' similarity to the Mozilla project. An image of Mozilla was placed on every page of the site, which remains the case today. Netscape Communications continued using the image of the red Mozilla in its' iconography [1] in the Mozilla.org project web site.

Part of the "user agent string" of many browsers

When users visit a website (via a user agent such as a web browser), a text string In mathematical logic, more precisely in the theory of formal languages, and in computer science, a string is a sequence of symbols that are chosen from a set or alphabet.[citation needed] is generally sent to identify the user agent to the web server A web server is a computer program that delivers content, such as web pages, using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), over the World Wide Web. The term web server can also refer to the computer or virtual machine running the program. In large commercial deployments, a server computer running a web server can be rack-mounted with other servers. It is known as the "user agent string". The Netscape web browser identified itself as "Mozilla/<version>" followed by some information about the operating system An operating system is the software on a computer that manages the way different programs use its hardware, and regulates the ways that a user controls the computer. Operating systems are found on almost any device that contains a computer with multiple programs—from cellular phones and video game consoles to supercomputers and web servers. Some it was running on.

Because the Netscape browser initially implemented many features not available in other browsers and quickly came to dominate the market, a number of web sites were designed to work, or work fully, only when they detected an appropriate version of Mozilla in the user agent string. Thus, competing browsers began to emulate ("cloak Cloaking is a black hat search engine optimization technique in which the content presented to the search engine spider is different to that presented to the user's browser. This is done by delivering content based on the IP addresses or the User-Agent HTTP header of the user requesting the page. When a user is identified as a search engine spider," or "spoof In the context of network security, a spoofing attack is a situation in which one person or program successfully masquerades as another by falsifying data and thereby gaining an illegitimate advantage") this string in order to also work with those sites. The earliest example of this is Internet Explorer Windows Internet Explorer , is a series of graphical web browsers developed by Microsoft and included as part of the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems starting in 1995. It has been the most widely used web browser since 1999, attaining a peak of about 95% usage share during 2002 and 2003 with IE5 and IE6's use of a user agent string beginning "Mozilla/<version> (compatible; MSIE <version>...", in order to receive content intended for Netscape, its main rival at the time of its development. This format of user agent string has since been copied by other user agents, and persisted even after Internet Explorer came to dominate the browser market.

Mozilla project

Mozilla Foundation

"Mozilla" is sometimes referred to the free and open source software Free and open source software, also F/OSS, FOSS, or FLOSS is software that is liberally licensed to grant the right of users to use, study, change, and improve its design through the availability of its source code. This approach has gained both momentum and acceptance as the potential benefits have been increasingly recognized by both individuals project that was founded in order to create the next-generation Internet suite An Internet suite is an Internet-related software suite. Internet suites usually include a web browser, e-mail client , download manager, HTML editor, and an IRC client for Netscape. The Mozilla Organization The Mozilla Foundation is a non-profit organization that exists to support and provide leadership for the open source Mozilla project. The organization sets the policies that govern development, operate key infrastructure and control trademarks and other intellectual property. It owns two taxable for-profit subsidiaries: the Mozilla Corporation, was founded in 1998 to create a new suite. On 15 July 2003, the organization was formally registered as a non-profit organization, and became Mozilla Foundation The Mozilla Foundation is a non-profit organization that exists to support and provide leadership for the open source Mozilla project. The organization sets the policies that govern development, operate key infrastructure and control trademarks and other intellectual property. It owns two taxable for-profit subsidiaries: the Mozilla Corporation,. The foundation now creates and maintains the Mozilla Firefox Mozilla Firefox is a free and open source web browser descended from the Mozilla Application Suite and managed by Mozilla Corporation. A Net Applications statistic put Firefox at 24.59% of the recorded usage share of web browsers as of April 2010[update], making it the second most popular browser in terms of current use worldwide after Microsoft's browser and Mozilla Thunderbird Mozilla Thunderbird is a free, open source, cross-platform e-mail and news client developed by the Mozilla Foundation. The project strategy is modeled after Mozilla Firefox, a project aimed at creating a web browser. On December 7, 2004, version 1.0 was released, and received over 500,000 downloads in its first three days of release, and 1,000,000 email application, among other software. The Mozilla trademark is held by the Mozilla Foundation as of 2006.

Mozilla Corporation

On 3 August 2005, the Mozilla Foundation announced the creation of Mozilla Corporation The Mozilla Corporation is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Mozilla Foundation that coordinates and integrates the development of Internet-related applications such as the Mozilla Firefox and SeaMonkey Navigator web browsers and the Mozilla Thunderbird email client by a growing global community of open-source developers, only some of whom are, a wholly owned for-profit taxable To tax is to impose a financial charge or other levy upon a taxpayer (an individual or legal entity) by a state or the functional equivalent of a state such that failure to pay is punishable by law subsidiary A subsidiary, in business matters, is an entity that is controlled by a separate higher entity[citation needed]. The controlled entity is called a company, corporation, or limited liability company; and in some cases can be a government or state-owned enterprise, and the controlling entity is called its parent . The reason for this distinction is of Mozilla Foundation, that primarily focuses on delivering Firefox to end users The end-user is a concept in software engineering, referring to an abstraction of the group of persons who will ultimately operate a piece of software. It also oversees marketing Marketing is the process by which companies create customer interest in products or services. It generates the strategy that underlies sales techniques, business communication, and business development. It is an integrated process through which companies build strong customer relationships and create value for their customers and for themselves and sponsorship To sponsor something is to support an event, activity, person, or organization financially or through the provision of products or services. A sponsor is the individual or group that provides the support, similar to a benefactor of the products.

Mozilla Messaging

On February 19, 2008, Mozilla Messaging was announced, which like Mozilla Corporation is a for-profit subsidiary of the Mozilla Foundation. Its focus will be on Thunderbird and possibly developing software related to other Internet communication media.

Mozilla Application Suite

Netscape announced on January 22, 1998 that it would be relicensing its source code for future development.^[3] In March 1998, Netscape released most of the code A code is a rule for converting a piece of information into another form or representation (one sign into another sign), not necessarily of the same type for its popular Netscape Communicator Netscape Communicator is an Internet suite that was produced by Netscape Communications Corporation. Initially released in June 1997, Netscape Communicator 4.0 was the successor to Netscape Navigator 3.x and included more groupware features intended to appeal to enterprises Internet suite under a free software/open source license, the Netscape Public License. The application developed from this was named Mozilla, as this was the codename of the original Netscape Navigator. After a series of lengthy pre-1.0 cycles, Mozilla 1.0 was released on June 5, 2002.

Netscape programmers continued contributing to the open source Mozilla project and using that source code to create Netscape-branded releases which included the addition of proprietary software, more notably a commercial spellchecker and a lightweight version of the AIM and ICQ instant messenger integrated with the browser. All of these browsers showed the copyright notice and acknowledgements page when the user entered "About:mozilla" in the URL bar.

The suite was well known as the free/open source base of the Netscape suite (versions 6 and 7), and its underlying code (most notably the Gecko layout engine) became the base of many standalone applications, including the Mozilla Foundation's flagship products Firefox and Thunderbird. To distinguish the suite from the standalone products, the suite is often marketed as "Mozilla Application Suite", or the more concise "Mozilla Suite".

The Mozilla Foundation no longer maintains the suite, so that their developers can focus on Firefox and Thunderbird. The suite has been handed over to the SeaMonkey Council which has continued development with SeaMonkey, an Internet suite developed by the Mozilla community that is based on the source code of the Mozilla Suite, and supersedes it.

Collective name for Mozilla-based browsers

For simplicity, the word Mozilla is often used to refer to all Mozilla-based browsers. For example, when it is said that a website is usable by Mozilla browsers, it means that it is usable by Mozilla Suite, Firefox, Camino, Netscape 6, etc. In some older Internet statistics programs, the term "Netscape 5.x" is incorrectly used to refer to these browsers because the user agent string starts with Mozilla/5.0.

Application framework

The term Mozilla is also used to refer to the Mozilla application framework, a cross-platform application framework for writing applications that can run on multiple operating systems. It consists most notably of the Gecko layout engine, but also the XUL user-interface toolkit, the Necko networking library, and other components. This is the core that all Mozilla-based browsers and applications are built from.

Codebase

Source code for Mozilla software projects such as Firefox, Thunderbird, and XULRunner are managed collectively in a single Mercurial repository. This large codebase is referred to as the Mozilla codebase, the Mozilla source code, or just Mozilla. Before Gecko 1.9 had branched, CVS was used.^[4]

The Mozilla codebase was originally released under the Netscape Public License. The license was updated to version 1.1 and renamed the Mozilla Public License (MPL). The Free Software Foundation and others noted that a GPL-licensed module and an MPL-license module cannot be legally linked, and they recommend that developers not use the MPL for this reason.^[5] To address this concern, the Mozilla Foundation relicensed great parts of the codebase in 2003 under the GNU General Public License and GNU Lesser General Public License as well as the Mozilla Public License.^[6]

Software

• Bugzilla - a bug tracking tool
• Camino - a web browser for Mac
• Flock (web browser)
• Minimo
• Mozilla Bespin
• Mozilla Firefox - a web browser
• Mozilla Firefox for mobile
• Mozilla Geode
• Mozilla Sunbird
• Mozilla Thunderbird - a mail client
• Mozilla Weave
• SeaMonkey
• Songbird
• Tinderbox

See also

• The Book of Mozilla
• Timeline of web browsers
• -zilla (suffix)

References

1. ^ Jwz.org
2. ^ Dilanchian Lawyers and Consultants
3. ^ "Netscape Announces Plans To Make Next-Generation Communicator Source Code Available Free On The Net". Netscape. 1998-01-22. http://wp.netscape.com/newsref/pr/newsrelease558.html.
4. ^ preed's blah-blah-blahg: Version Control System Shootout Redux Redux
5. ^ GNU comments on MPL
6. ^ Mozilla Foundation MPL Relicensing FAQ

External links

• Mozilla Organization
• Mozilla Corporation
• Official Mozilla Wiki.
• Mozilla Messaging
• Mozilla Europe Project
• Mozilla Mercurial Repository

Categories: 2002 software | Mozilla | Netscape

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